ArduiNIX
Project #21 – Nixie – DS3231 Precision RTC – Mk03
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DS3231 Precision RTC FeatherWing
The datasheet for the DS3231 explains that this part is an extremely accurate I²C – Integrated RTC TCXO – crystal. This Real Time Clock (RTC) is the most precise you can get in a small, low power package. Most RTC’s use an external 32kHz timing crystal that is used to keep time with low current draw. That’s all well and good, but those crystals have slight drift, particularly when the temperature changes, the temperature changes the oscillation frequency very slightly but it does add up. This RTC is in a beefy package because the crystal is inside the chip. And right next to the integrated crystal is a temperature sensor. That sensor compensates for the frequency changes by adding or removing clock ticks so that the time keeping stays on schedule.
This is the finest RTC you can get, and now we have it in a compact, breadboard friendly breakout. With a coin cell plugged into the back, you can get years of precision time keeping, even when main power is lost. Great for datalogging and clocks, or anything where you need to really know the time.
DL2209Mk03
1 x Arduino Mega 2560 R2
1 x ArduiNIX V3 Tube Driver Shield Kit
1 x IN-17×8 V1 Tube Board Kit
1 x Anode / Cathode Connector Cable Set
1 x DS3231 Precision RTC FeatherWing
1 x CR1220 12mm Coin Cell Battery
1 x Rocker Switch – SPST
1 x 10K Ohm
1 x SparkFun ProtoShield
1 x 9V 1000mA Power Supply
1 x SparkFun Cerberus USB Cable
Arduino Mega 2560 R2
SN2 – 2
SN3 – 3
SN4 – 4
SN5 – 5
SN6 – 6
SN7 – 7
SN8 – 8
SN9 – 9
AN10 – 10
AN11 – 11
AN12 – 12
AN13 – 13
VI14 – 14
VI15 – 15
SDA – 20
SCL – 21
RO0 – 53
VIN – +3.3V
VIN – +5V
VIN – +9V
GND – GND
DL2209Mk03p.ino
/* ***** Don Luc Electronics © *****
Software Version Information
Project #21 - Nixie - DS3231 Precision RTC - Mk03
21-03
DL2209Mk03p.ino
1 x Arduino Mega 2560 R2
1 x ArduiNIX V3 Tube Driver Shield Kit
1 x IN-17x8 V1 Tube Board Kit
1 x Anode / Cathode Connector Cable Set
1 x DS3231 Precision RTC FeatherWing
1 x CR1220 12mm Coin Cell Battery
1 x Rocker Switch - SPST
1 x 10K Ohm
1 x 9V 1000mA Power Supply
1 x SparkFun Cerberus USB Cable
*/
// Include the Library Code
// Wire you to communicate with I2C/TWI devices
// Date and Time DS3231 RTC
#include "RTClib.h"
// SN74141 (1)
int ledPin_0_a = 2;
int ledPin_0_b = 3;
int ledPin_0_c = 4;
int ledPin_0_d = 5;
// SN74141 (2)
int ledPin_1_a = 6;
int ledPin_1_b = 7;
int ledPin_1_c = 8;
int ledPin_1_d = 9;
// Anode pins
int ledPin_a_1 = 10;
int ledPin_a_2 = 11;
int ledPin_a_3 = 12;
int ledPin_a_4 = 13;
// NOTE: Grounding on virtual pins 14 and 15
// (analog pins 0 and 1) will set the Hour and Mins.
int iVirtual14 = 14;
int iVirtual15 = 15;
// Fade
float fadeMax = 0.1f;
float fadeStep = 0.1f;
// Number Array
int NumberArray[8]={0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
int currNumberArray[8]={0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
float NumberArrayFadeInValue[8]={0.0f,0.0f,0.0f,0.0f,0.0f,0.0f,0.0f,0.0f};
float NumberArrayFadeOutValue[8]={5.0f,5.0f,5.0f,5.0f,5.0f,5.0f,5.0f,5.0f};
// Date and time functions using a DS3231 RTC
RTC_DS3231 RTC;
// Rocker Switch - SPST
int iRO0 = 53;
// State
int iRO0State = 0;
// Software Version Information
String sver = "21-03";
void loop() {
// timeRTC
timeRTC();
}
getDisplayFadeNumber.ino
// Display Fade Number
void DisplayFadeNumberString()
{
// Anode channel 1 - numerals 0,4
SetSN74141Chips(currNumberArray[0],currNumberArray[4]);
digitalWrite(ledPin_a_1, HIGH);
delay(NumberArrayFadeOutValue[0]);
SetSN74141Chips(NumberArray[0],NumberArray[4]);
delay(NumberArrayFadeInValue[0]);
digitalWrite(ledPin_a_1, LOW);
// Anode channel 2 - numerals 1,5
SetSN74141Chips(currNumberArray[1],currNumberArray[5]);
digitalWrite(ledPin_a_2, HIGH);
delay(NumberArrayFadeOutValue[1]);
SetSN74141Chips(NumberArray[1],NumberArray[5]);
delay(NumberArrayFadeInValue[1]);
digitalWrite(ledPin_a_2, LOW);
// Anode channel 3 - numerals 2,6
SetSN74141Chips(currNumberArray[2],currNumberArray[6]);
digitalWrite(ledPin_a_3, HIGH);
delay(NumberArrayFadeOutValue[2]);
SetSN74141Chips(NumberArray[2],NumberArray[6]);
delay(NumberArrayFadeInValue[2]);
digitalWrite(ledPin_a_3, LOW);
// Anode channel 4 - numerals 3,7
SetSN74141Chips(currNumberArray[3],currNumberArray[7]);
digitalWrite(ledPin_a_4, HIGH);
delay(NumberArrayFadeOutValue[3]);
SetSN74141Chips(NumberArray[3],NumberArray[7]);
delay(NumberArrayFadeInValue[3]);
digitalWrite(ledPin_a_4, LOW);
// Loop thru and update all the arrays, and fades.
for( int i = 0 ; i < 8 ; i ++ ) //equal to & of digits
{
if( NumberArray[i] != currNumberArray[i] )
{
NumberArrayFadeInValue[i] += fadeStep;
NumberArrayFadeOutValue[i] -= fadeStep;
if( NumberArrayFadeInValue[i] >= fadeMax )
{
NumberArrayFadeInValue[i] = 2.0f;
NumberArrayFadeOutValue[i] = 4.0f; //affects the refresh cycle
currNumberArray[i] = NumberArray[i];
}
}
}
}
getRTCDS3231.ino
// DS3231 Precision RTC
// Setup RTC
void setupRTC() {
// DS3231 Precision RTC
RTC.begin();
if (! RTC.begin() ) {
while (1) delay(10);
}
if (RTC.lostPower()) {
// Following line sets the RTC to the date & time this sketch was compiled
RTC.adjust(DateTime(F(__DATE__), F(__TIME__)));
// This line sets the RTC with an explicit date & time, for example to set
// August 2, 2021 at 13:53:0 you would call:
// RTC.adjust(DateTime(2022, 4, 26, 11, 39, 0));
}
}
// timeRTC
void timeRTC() {
// Date and Time
DateTime now = RTC.now();
// Read the state of the Switch value
iRO0State = digitalRead(iRO0);
// If it is the Switch State is HIGH
if (iRO0State == HIGH) {
// Get the high and low order values for hours, minute, seconds
int lowerHours = now.hour() % 10;
int upperHours = now.hour() - lowerHours;
int lowerMins = now.minute() % 10;
int upperMins = now.minute() - lowerMins;
int lowerSeconds = now.second() % 10;
int upperSeconds = now.second() - lowerSeconds;
// 10 >= hours, minute, seconds
if( upperSeconds >= 10 ) upperSeconds = upperSeconds / 10;
if( upperMins >= 10 ) upperMins = upperMins / 10;
if( upperHours >= 10 ) upperHours = upperHours / 10;
if( upperHours == 0 && lowerHours == 0 )
{
upperHours = 1;
lowerHours = 2;
}
// Fill in the Number array used to display on the Nixie tubes
NumberArray[7] = upperHours;
NumberArray[6] = lowerHours;
NumberArray[5] = 0;
NumberArray[4] = upperMins;
NumberArray[3] = lowerMins;
NumberArray[2] = 0;
NumberArray[1] = upperSeconds;
NumberArray[0] = lowerSeconds;
} else {
// Get the high and low order values for year, month, day
int iYear = now.year() - 2000;
int lowerYear = iYear % 10;
int upperYear = iYear - lowerYear;
int lowerMonth = now.month() % 10;
int upperMonth = now.month() - lowerMonth;
int lowerDay = now.day() % 10;
int upperDay = now.day() - lowerDay;
// 10 >= year, month, day
if( upperDay >= 10 ) upperDay = upperDay / 10;
if( upperMonth >= 10 ) upperMonth = upperMonth / 10;
if( upperYear >= 10 ) upperYear = upperYear / 10;
// Fill in the Number array used to display on the Nixie tubes
NumberArray[7] = 2;
NumberArray[6] = 0;
NumberArray[5] = upperYear;
NumberArray[4] = lowerYear;
NumberArray[3] = upperMonth;
NumberArray[2] = lowerMonth;
NumberArray[1] = upperDay;
NumberArray[0] = lowerDay;
}
// Display
DisplayFadeNumberString();
}
getSN74141.ino
// SN74141
// SN74141 : Truth Table
//D C B A #
//L,L,L,L 0
//L,L,L,H 1
//L,L,H,L 2
//L,L,H,H 3
//L,H,L,L 4
//L,H,L,H 5
//L,H,H,L 6
//L,H,H,H 7
//H,L,L,L 8
//H,L,L,H 9
// isSetupSN74141
void isSetupSN74141(){
pinMode(ledPin_0_a, OUTPUT);
pinMode(ledPin_0_b, OUTPUT);
pinMode(ledPin_0_c, OUTPUT);
pinMode(ledPin_0_d, OUTPUT);
pinMode(ledPin_1_a, OUTPUT);
pinMode(ledPin_1_b, OUTPUT);
pinMode(ledPin_1_c, OUTPUT);
pinMode(ledPin_1_d, OUTPUT);
pinMode(ledPin_a_1, OUTPUT);
pinMode(ledPin_a_2, OUTPUT);
pinMode(ledPin_a_3, OUTPUT);
pinMode(ledPin_a_4, OUTPUT);
// NOTE: Grounding on virtual pins 14 and 15
// (analog pins 0 and 1) will set the Hour and Mins.
// Set the vertual pin 14 (pin 0 on the analog inputs )
pinMode( iVirtual14, INPUT );
// Set pin 14 as a pull up resistor.
digitalWrite(iVirtual14, HIGH);
// Set the vertual pin 15 (pin 1 on the analog inputs )
pinMode( iVirtual15, INPUT );
// Set pin 15 as a pull up resistor.
digitalWrite(iVirtual15, HIGH);
}
// SetSN74141Chips
void SetSN74141Chips( int num2, int num1 )
{
// Set defaults
// Will display a zero.
int a = 0;
int b = 0;
int c = 0;
int d = 0;
// Load the a,b,c,d.. to send to the SN74141 IC (1)
switch( num1 )
{
case 0:
a=0;
b=0;
c=0;
d=0;
break;
case 1:
a=1;
b=0;
c=0;
d=0;
break;
case 2:
a=0;
b=1;
c=0;
d=0;
break;
case 3:
a=1;
b=1;
c=0;
d=0;
break;
case 4:
a=0;
b=0;
c=1;
d=0;
break;
case 5:
a=1;
b=0;
c=1;
d=0;
break;
case 6:
a=0;
b=1;
c=1;
d=0;
break;
case 7:
a=1;
b=1;
c=1;
d=0;
break;
case 8:
a=0;
b=0;
c=0;
d=1;
break;
case 9:
a=1;
b=0;
c=0;
d=1;
break;
default:
a=1;
b=1;
c=1;
d=1;
break;
}
// Write to output pins.
digitalWrite(ledPin_0_d, d);
digitalWrite(ledPin_0_c, c);
digitalWrite(ledPin_0_b, b);
digitalWrite(ledPin_0_a, a);
// Load the a,b,c,d.. to send to the SN74141 IC (2)
switch( num2 )
{
case 0:
a=0;
b=0;
c=0;
d=0;
break;
case 1:
a=1;
b=0;
c=0;
d=0;
break;
case 2:
a=0;
b=1;
c=0;
d=0;
break;
case 3:
a=1;
b=1;
c=0;
d=0;
break;
case 4:
a=0;
b=0;
c=1;
d=0;
break;
case 5:
a=1;
b=0;
c=1;
d=0;
break;
case 6:
a=0;
b=1;
c=1;
d=0;
break;
case 7:
a=1;
b=1;
c=1;
d=0;
break;
case 8:
a=0;
b=0;
c=0;
d=1;
break;
case 9:
a=1;
b=0;
c=0;
d=1;
break;
default:
a=1;
b=1;
c=1;
d=1;
break;
}
// Write to output pins
digitalWrite(ledPin_1_d, d);
digitalWrite(ledPin_1_c, c);
digitalWrite(ledPin_1_b, b);
digitalWrite(ledPin_1_a, a);
}
setup.ino
// Setup
void setup() {
// isSetupSN74141
isSetupSN74141();
// Switch
pinMode(iRO0, INPUT);
// Setup RTC
setupRTC();
}
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ArduiNIX
ArduiNIX: 8 x Nixie Tubes
The ArduiNIX shield is a user programmable platform for driving multiplexed Nixie tube or other high voltage displays.
The ArduiNIX shield uses digital data pins 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13 on the Arduino.
AREF, IOREF, TX(digital 1), RX(digital 0), Analog 0-5, digital 18 and 19 are free to use as inputs/outputs.
An explanation of how the Arduinix works:
The ArduiNIX works by listening to a signal from the Arduino to tell it when to switch on one of the four anode pins., and when to switch on any single or combination of cathode channels in the two sets of 10 cathode sets that are controlled by the nixie tube driver chips.
The Anode pins go hot, send 180 volts to the nixie tube anode connection, and the system waits for the code to tell the arduinix to ground out one of the cathode pins that are controlled by the twoDriver ICs.
Once the Arduino code tells the ArduiNIX to open an anode channel, which is connected to the anode pin of your tube, and the code tells the ArduiNIX to ground out a cathode channel, 180 volts flow into the nixie tube, lighting the element that is connected to the cathode channel.
When multiplexing, you have one anode channel connected to two nixie tubes, and one set of nixie cathodes per cathode channels on the ArduiNIX. Doing so allows you to drive up to 8 ten element nixie tubes, pairs of tubes sharing anodes, alternating cathode grounds at a fast enough rate that we don’t see a flicker.
The ArduiNIX is 4×20 Multiplexed,meaning there are a total of 4 anodes and 20 cathodes that can be multiplexed and controlled through the code. This means that up to 80 signals can be controlled. Either eight 10 numeral tubes or 80 Neon bulbs like the INS-1. Or any combination of numeric tubes and dots.
The ArduiNIX V3 features Analog 0-5, GND, Reset, SCL, SDA, AREF, 5V, TX and RX broken out to an input/output section of headers at the front of the board near the cathode bank.
Don Luc